CULTURAL SEQUENCE

Cultural Sequence
For the
Mid-Columbia and Columbia Plateau

1. WE INCLUDED THE DIFFERENT NAMES FROM THE VARIOUS UNIVERSITIES INTO COMMON TERMS THAT BOTH THE PROFESSIONALS AND THE AMATEURS ARCHAEOLOGIST CAN UNDERSTAND AND IDENTIFY.

2. WE HAVE NO REASON TO VOID, REMOVE, OR LEAVE OUT ANY FIELD SCHOOLS OR UNIVERSITY CLASSIFICATION TERM ONLY TO SIMPLIFY TERMS INTO A COMMON USEABLE LANGUAGE.

3. PLEASE NOTE, THAT MANY TYPES OR STYLES WILL OVERLAP INTO THE PHASES THAT FOLLOW, EXAMPLE CASCADE STYLE DARTS OR POINTS WILL OVERLAP WELL INTO THE LATER PLATEAU PHASE.

4. WE ALSO ASK, THE PROFESSIONALS, AMATEURS AND COLLECTORS TO STANDARDIZE TERMS FOR THE SAKE OF ARCHAEOLOGY.

5. WE AT THE SAME TIME WILL NOT USE, DEALERS STREET NAME, GOOD OLD BOY'S AUCTION NAMES, OR NAMES HATCHED AT BEER AND WINE PARTY. WE FIND IT REGRETTABLE THAT SOME WAY PEOPLE FIND IT ENJOYABLE TO NAME ARTIFACT TYPES AT SUCH PARTIES BY WOOD BE DEALERS. NAMING PROJECTILE TYPES IS FOR PROFESSIONAL FIELD SCHOOLS NOT DEALERS SET ON PROVIDING FALSE INFORMATION. AS USED IN "OVERSTREET'S GUIDE BOOK" WE ENCOURAGE ALL TO SUPPORT A STANDARDIZE FORMAT THAT HAS COMMON USED TERMS, USED BY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. WE ENCOURAGE COLLECTORS, AMATEUR ARCHAEOLOGIST, AND HOBBYISTS INTO ADOPTING THE STANDARDIZED FORMAT USED BELOW IN THEIR COMMON NAMES USED AND MOVE AWAY FROM BACK AISLE AND FALSE TAVERN FORMAT. WE ALSO ASK, OVERSTREET AND HIS STAFF TO SEPARATE GREAT BASIN, COLUMBIA RIVER OR COLUMBIA PLATEAU, CALIFORNIA INLAND, AND COASTAL PACIFIC NORTHWEST INTO SEPARATE HEADINGS AND GROUPS.

PHASE: PRE-CLOVIS

OPEN FOR DISCUSSION:

We here at the Museum believe that Pre-Clovis is in the Pacific Northwest. However, with out field digs and archaeology with out special interests groups, archaeology with out politics. and archaeology with out lawyers we will never know about these ancient peoples.

Coming Soon

NOTICES:

THE ABOVE TWO LANCEOLATE BLADES OUR OF A DIFFERENT FLAKING METHOD THAN THE NORMAL TYPE OF EARLY TO LATE PALEO TYPES. NOTE: THE BASALT HAS BEEN HEATED TO DRIVE THE FLAKE PARALLEL WITH CENTER RIDGE. BOTH OF THESE BLADES ARE SITE SPECIFIC. THE BLADE ON THE LEFT WAS FOUND BY FRED VAN RONK IN A SAND DUNE SEVERAL MILES BELOW ICE HARBOR DAM IN WALLA WALLA, CO. WA. IN 1965, WHILE SURFACE HUNTING. ARTIFACT BLADE ON THE RIGHT IS FROM 45-KL-284 NEAR THE DALLES DAM ON THE UPPER LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER. THIS SITE IS WELL ABOVE THE HIGH WATER LINE EVEN AFTER THE DAM WAS CONSTRUCTED. FOR YOU PONDERING QUESTION, COULD THIS BE A FORM OF SOLUTRIAN? IF THE TECHNOLOGY IS ABOUT THE SAME OR THE SAME THEN WE MAY HAVE FOUND A BLADE TYPE WITH AN AGE OF PRE-CLOVIS? COULD THIS STYLE OR TYPE BE 12,500 BP TO 16,000 PLUS BP? COULD THIS BE SOLUTRIAN TYPE FOUND IN THE WESTERN COLUMBIA PLATEAU????

NOTE: SOLUTRIAN IS A CULTURAL PHASE OR SEQUENCE IN WESTERN EUROPE WHERE STONES WERE FIRST HEAT TREATED TO CONTROL AND REFINE THE FLAKING TECHNOLOGY.

NOTICE: BE CAUTIOUS WHEN ASSIGNING NAMES TO ANY OF THESE TYPES OR STYLES. ALWAYS, WATCH YOUR SIZE OF YOUR ARTIFACT, THE FLAKING PATTERN, AND LOOK FOR EDGE GRINDING. WE TRY TO PRESENT A WELL CHOSEN SELECTION AS A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLAGE.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED.

CLOVIS PHASE: PALEO TIMES VERY EARLY

LOCATION

CULTURAL PATTERN

TIME PERIOD

CLIMATE

ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE

EXAMPLES:

CLOVIS-RICHEY SITE,

LOCATED IN

DOUGLAS, CO. WA.

SITE # 45-DO-432

SEVERAL OTHER SITES IN

EASTERN WASHINGTON ONE

NEAR BRIDGEPORT, WA, ONE

NEAR PRIEST RAPIDS DAM.

HUNTER-GATHERERS: VERY MOBIL

BIG GAME OR LARGE MAMMALS

OLD CORDILLERAN CULTURE

CHANGING TO FOLSOM PATTERN

FOLSOM PATTERN MUCH SMALLER. HOW

EVER, FOLSOM ARTIFACTS HAVE NOT BEEN FOUND IN THE NORTHWEST.

END OF PLEISTOCENE'S

CLIMATE REVERSAL

YOUNGER DRYAS

GLACIAL ICE AGE ENDING ICE MASS

RETREATING NORTH WARD SEA LEVELS

RISING. INLAND LAKES WERE FULL OF MELTING ICE WATER. LOTS OF MID-SIZE MAMMALS, MIGRATORY BIRDS. MAJOR RIVERS WERE FULL OF WATER FROM MELTING ICE. PEOPLE LIVED IN CAVES AND ROCK SHELTERS.

LANCEOLATE BLADES SIDES

MOST WITH CONCAVE BASE

EDGE GROUND ON BASE MOST

ARE FLUTED ON ONE OR BOTH SIDES.

MOST OF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST.

AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 12,500 BP TO 11,000 BP.

WET AND COLD WINTERS HOT DRY SUMMERS

SOME BUT MOST ARE LARGE

BLADES

TEXTS: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY-PULLMAN WASHINGTON.

FIELD WORK, RICHARD MICHAEL GRAMLY PhD. and PETER MEHRINGER PhD.

PHOTO'S FROM THE WASHINGTON STATE HISTORICAL MUSEUM IN TACOMA, WASHINGTON.

LIND COULEE PHASE: PALEO TIMES MID-WAY!

LOCATION	CULTURAL PATTERN TIME PERIOD	CLIMATE	ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE
FROM, GRANT CO. WASHINGTON STATE. SITE # 45-GR-??	HUNTER-GATHERERS PALEO BIG GAME HUNTERS, HIGH MOBILITY	END OF PLEISTOCENE FIRST OF EARLY HOLOCENE END OF GLACIATIONS	LARGE STEMMED POINTS. UNIFACE & BIFACE POINTS OVAL KNIVES, CRESCENTS, LARGE SCRAPERS.
	AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 11,000 BP TO 10,000 BP.
INFORMATION FROM WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY-PULLMAN, WA. FIELD WORK BY RICHARD D. DAUGHERTY PhD, LUTHER S. CRESSMAN, PhD, DAVID G. RICE PhD AND OTHERS. Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005
INFORMATION FROM WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY-PULLMAN, WA. FIELD WORK BY RICHARD D. DAUGHERTY PhD, LUTHER S. CRESSMAN, PhD, DAVID G. RICE PhD AND OTHERS. Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005

NOTICE:

WE BELIEVE THAT THESE EXAMPLES OF PROJECTILE POINTS AND TOOLS ARE WITHIN THE LIND COULEE PHASE. HOWEVER, SOME COULD BE ALSO WITHIN THE "WINDUST PHASE" AS SOME OVERLAPPING OF STYLES AND TYPES EXIST.

WE ALSO BELIEVE THAT NO CONCRETE DATE CAN BE ASSERTED 100% AS THESE ARTIFACTS WERE NOT FOUND IN SITU WITH C-14 DATED ARTIFACTS. THEY ARE ONLY WHAT WE BELIEVE TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF ARTIFACTS DATED FROM FIELD ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS REPORTS.

PLEASE, DO NOT CLAIM AN ARTIFACT TO BE OF SOME AGE RANGE WITH OUT HAVING THAT ARTIFACT EXAMINED BY A PROFESSIONAL ARCHAEOLOGIST.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED.

WINDUST PHASE: PALEO TIME LATE

LOCATION

CULTURAL PATTERN

TIME PERIOD

CLIMATE

ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE

AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 10,000 BP TO 8,500 BP.

INFORMATION FROM WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY-PULLMAN, WA.

FIELD WORK BY DAVID G. RICE PhD

Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005

NOTICE;

ALL OF THE ABOVE ARTIFACTS ARE SITE SPECIFIC. MOST ARE PERSONAL FINDS OF FRED VAN RONK DURING THE 50'S AND 60'S. ALL ARE FROM THE MID-COLUMBIA RIVER AND COLUMBIA PLATEAU OF EASTERN WASHINGTON STATE AND NORTHEASTERN OREGON. WE WILL AT A LATER TIME MARK EACH WITH THE CORRECT PROVIDENCES, SO IF YOU NEED THE SPECIFIC SITE LET US KNOW.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED.

CASCADE PHASE: INITIAL ARCHAIC PERIOD

LOCATION	CULTURAL PATTERN TIME PERIOD	CLIMATE	ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE
SITE LOCATION: CASCADIA CAVE LINN, CO. OR. & GILLIAM CO. OR.	MID-RANGE PALEO HUNTER-GATHERS STILL LARGE BIG GAME SAVANNA HUNTERS BIG GAME IS MOVING INTO FOOTHILLS AS THE WEATHER BECOMES WARMER.	HOLOCENE MID-ANATHERMAL WARMING MAZAMA ASH FALL ABOUT 7,000 BP.	LARGE TO MID SIZE LEAF SHAPED DARTS, POINTS, ATLATL WEIGHTS STILL SOME LARGE BLADES & MID-SIZE SCRAPERS. OVATE KNIVES, AWLS & BEADS
	AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 8,500 BP TO 7,000 BP.
INFORMATION FROM WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY-PULLMAN, WA. FIELD WORK BY L.S. CRESSMAN PhD AND DAVID COLE PhD UNIVERSITY OF OREGON. Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005

NOTICE:

BE CAUTIOUS WHEN ASSIGNING NAMES TO ANY OF THESE TYPES OR STYLES.

ALWAYS, WATCH YOUR SIZE OF YOUR ARTIFACT, THE FLAKING PATTERN, AND LOOK FOR EDGE

GRINDING. WE TRY TO PRESENT A WELL CHOSEN SELECTION AS A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLAGE.

NOTE: THIS TYPE OF POINT OR DART IS FOUND BOTH BELOW AND ABOVE THE MT. MAZAMA ASH

HORIZON. HOWEVER, THE ONE'S ABOVE THE ASH FLOW NORMAL ARE A LITTLE SMALLER. COMING SOON SITE LOCATIONS.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE.

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED.

COLD SPRINGS PHASE: EARLY ARCHAIC

LOCATION	CULTURAL PATTERN TIME PERIOD	CLIMATE	ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE
SITE LOCATION: LOCATION OF FIRST SITE, 35-UM-7 NOW IN THE McNARY DAM RESERVOIR, IN UMATILLA, CO. OR	EARLY ARCHAIC PHASE EARLY TRANSITIONAL HUNTER-GATHERS BUT MOVING HIGHER INTO THE HIGHLAND AND INTO THE RIVER VALLEYS	HOLOCENE ALTITHERMAL THERMAL MIXIMUM VERY WARM	LARGE SIDE NOTCHED DARTS & POINTS. SOME OF EARLIER POINTS ARE STILL APPEARING.
	AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 7,000 BP TO 4,500 BP.
FROM THE WORKS OF JOEL L. SHINER PhD AND THE RIVER BASIN REPORTS Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005

NOTICE:

NOTICE: THE ABOVE PROJECTILES POINTS ARE A EXAMPLE OF THE COLD SPRINGS PHASE: BE CAUTIOUS WHEN ASSIGNING NAMES TO ANY OF THESE TYPES OR STYLES. ALWAYS, WATCH YOUR SIZE OF YOUR ARTIFACT, THE FLAKING PATTERN, AND LOOK FOR EDGE GRINDING. WE TRY TO PRESENT A WELL CHOSEN SELECTION AS A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLAGE.

NOTE: THIS TYPE OF POINT OR DART IS FOUND BOTH BELOW AND ABOVE THE MT. MAZAMA ASH

HORIZON. HOWEVER, THE ONE'S ABOVE THE ASH FLOW NORMAL ARE A LITTLE SMALLER. COMING SOON SITE LOCATIONS.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED.

RABBIT ISLAND PHASE: MID-ARCHAIC PERIOD FROM: THE FIELD WORK OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OREGON, AND DOUGLAS OSBORNE ON McNARY RESERVOIR
LOCATION	CULTURAL PATTERN TIME PERIOD	CLIMATE	ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE
LOCATION OF FIRST FIND IS UMATILLA, CO. 35-UM-3 ON RABBIT ISLAND. THIS SITE IS THE WATERS OF GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS WAS LOWER MIDDLE COLUMBIA REGION	TRANSITIONAL AS IN COLD SPRINGS HOWEVER, DARTS & POINTS ARE MUCH SMALLER GROUPS MOVING FROM THE FOOT HILLS	LATE ALTITHERMAL SHIFTING WEATHER TOWARD COOLER TEMPERATURES MID-HOLOCENE	STEMMED DARTS & POINTS WITH SOME CARRY OVER WINDUST, AND COLD SPRINGS TOWARD A SHOULDERED FOUR SIDE POINT. FIRST TRIANGULAR KNIVES, FIRST COBBLE CHOPPERS ARRIVAL OF LARGE AWLS, MORTARS HAMMER-STONES
	AGE RANGE: 3,500 BP TO 2500 BP

NOTICE:

THE ABOVE PROJECTILES POINTS ARE A EXAMPLE OF THE RABBIT ISLAND PHASE: BE CAUTIOUS WHEN ASSIGNING NAMES TO ANY OF THESE TYPES OR STYLES. ALWAYS, WATCH YOUR SIZE OF YOUR ARTIFACT, THE FLAKING PATTERN, AND LOOK FOR SERRATIONS ON SOME STYLES OF RABBIT ISLAND. WE TRY TO PRESENT A WELL CHOSEN SELECTION AS A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLAGE, HOWEVER, BE CAUTIOUS ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE AS THE SHAPE CARRIES OVER INTO CLASSIC PHASE SOME 3,000 TO 4,000 YEARS LATER.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE NOT FOR SALE.

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED.

FRENCHMAN SPRINGS PHASE:

LOCATION	CULTURAL PATTERN TIME PERIOD	CLIMATE	ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE
LOCATION OF SITES GRANT CO. WA. GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS WAS VANTAGE REGION	EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL HOWEVER STILL HUNTER-GATHERERS BUT GROUPS ARE MOVING INTO RIVERINE VALLEYS AND RELAYING ON MARINE FOODS (SALMON) FROM THE RIVERS	LATE ALTITHERMAL BECOMING SLIGHTLY COOLER MID-HOLOCENE'S	STEMMED POINTS ARE BECOMING SMALLER IN SIZE AS ARE THE CASCADES NEW TYPE POINT APPEAR AT THE END OF RABBIT ISLAND PHASE. THIS POINT HAS A NECK AT THE TOP END OF BASE.
	AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 5,000 BP TO 3,000 BP.
EARL H. SWANSON PhD UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005

THIS PHASE HAS MANY VARIATIONS AND NEW TOOLS FROM MICROBLADES, BONE IS MORE REFINED

WITH EYED NEEDLES, MANOS APPEAR AS WELL AS GRAVERS, AND MANY OF THE TOOLS FROM THE

EARLIER PHASES. FIRST HOUSE PIT ARRIVES IN VANTAGE. NOTE: THIS PHASE HAS BEEN REFERRED TO

IN SOME FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY AS PART OF THE WILDCAT CANYON PHASE. FOR THE PURPOSE OF STANDARDIZING THIS TERM WE CHOSE FRENCHMAN SPRINGS AS SWANSON WAS THE FIRST TO NAME THAT PERIOD.

NOTICE:

THE ABOVE PROJECTILES POINTS ARE A EXAMPLE OF THE FRENCHMAN SPRINGS PHASE: BE CAUTIOUS WHEN ASSIGNING NAMES TO ANY OF THESE TYPES OR STYLES. ALWAYS, WATCH YOUR SIZE OF YOUR ARTIFACT, THE FLAKING PATTERN OF YOUR ARTIFACT. WE TRY TO PRESENT A WELL CHOSEN SELECTION AS A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLAGE, HOWEVER, BE CAUTIOUS ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE AS THE SHAPE CARRIES OVER INTO CLASSIC PHASE SOME 3,000 TO 4,000 YEARS LATER. HOWEVER, ARE MUCH SMALLER IN SIZE. COMING SOON SITE LOCATIONS ON EACH ARTIFACT.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED

EARLY QUILOMENE BAR PHASE:

LOCATION	CULTURAL PATTERN TIME PERIOD	CLIMATE	ARTIFACTS ASSEMBLAGE
SITE LOCATION: FIRST FOUND AT 45-KT-28 SUNSET CREEK NEAR VANTAGE, WA.	THE PEOPLE HAVE MOVED INTO THE RIVER VALLEY LARGE GAME HAVE DIED OUT OR MIGRATED INTO HIGH VALLEYS OR MOVED INTO WET LANDS IN WESTERN COASTAL LANDS GATHERING & FISHING IN RIVERS AREA AS WELL AS THE ALDERDALE SITE 45-KL-5 NEAR THE MOUTH OF ALDER CREEK	HOLOCENE MEDITHERMAL	MICROBLADES, MICRO, GRAVERS, SMALLER END SCRAPERS, OLIVELLA LARGE DRILLS, TWINED BASKETS AND CORDAGE. POINTS STILL HAVE MANY OF THE SAME STYLES BUT ARE LITTLE SMALL POINTS. REFINED AND SMALLER MANUFACTURED PHOTOS WILL SHOW ONLY SMALLER RABBIT ISLAND, CASCADE, & FRENCHMAN SPRINGS. (SMALLER POINTS)
	AGE RANGE IS ABOUT 2,500 BP TO 1,500 BP.
FIELD WORK BY: CHARLES M. NELSON PhD WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY PULLMAN, WA. Photo from the Van Ronk photo collection 2005

NOTICE:

THE ABOVE PROJECTILES POINTS ARE A EXAMPLE OF THE EARLY QUILOMENE BAR PHASE: BE CAUTIOUS WHEN ASSIGNING NAMES TO ANY OF THESE TYPES OR STYLES. ALWAYS, WATCH YOUR SIZE OF YOUR ARTIFACT, THE FLAKING PATTERN OF YOUR ARTIFACT. WE TRY TO PRESENT A WELL CHOSEN SELECTION AS A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLAGE, HOWEVER, BE CAUTIOUS ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE AS THE SHAPE CARRIES OVER INTO CLASSIC PHASE SOME 2,000 TO 3,000 YEARS LATER. HOWEVER, ARE MUCH SMALLER IN SIZE. COMING SOON SITE LOCATIONS ON EACH ARTIFACT.

Artifacts from the Van Ronk Collection of art, artifacts and photos. Most of these artifacts are "Site Specific" and

NONE ARE FOR SALE.

THEY HAVE BEEN COPYRIGHTED AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRINTED

TO CONTINUE MOVE TO PAGE 10

FOR THE NEXT 4,000 YEARS.

SUNDALE BASE PAGE 10

QUILOMENE BAR PAGE 10

EARLY PLATEAU 1 or some times called CLASSIC I

MID-PLATEAU II PAGE 10

LATE PLATEAU III or some times called Classic III

HISTORIC PAGE 10

YOUR COMMENTS ARE WELCOME.

PLEASE SEND TO:

Please e-mail us for more information: columbiariverman@msn.com or write us:

COLUMBIA RIVER ANCIENT RESOURCES (TM.)

FRED VAN RONK

P.O. BOX 1009

KALAMA, WA. 98625

Zip 98625. U.S.A.

CALL Museum # 1-360-673-3200 or CELL 503-309-3100

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